Several versions of the expanded Sanguozhi are extant today. The author combined this historical knowledge with his own storytelling skills to create a rich tapestry of personalities. The novel also includes material from Tang dynasty poetic works, Yuan dynasty operas and his own personal interpretation of elements such as virtue and legitimacy. The Records of the Three Kingdoms covered events ranging from the Yellow Turban Rebellion in 184 to the unification of the Three Kingdoms under the Jin dynasty in 280. Regardless of when it was written or whether Luo was the writer, the author made use of several available historical records, primarily the Records of the Three Kingdoms compiled by Chen Shou. The text may well have circulated before either date in handwritten manuscripts. It was first printed in 1522 as Sanguozhi Tongsu Yanyi (三國志通俗演義/三国志通俗演义) in an edition which bore a preface dated 1494. Romance of the Three Kingdoms is traditionally attributed to Luo Guanzhong, a playwright who lived sometime between 13 (late Yuan to early Ming period) known for compiling historical plays in styles which were prevalent during the Yuan period. ' Records of the Three Kingdoms in plain speech'), published sometime between 13. The earliest written work to combine these stories was a pinghua, Sanguozhi Pinghua ( simplified Chinese: 三国志平话 traditional Chinese: 三國志平話 pinyin: Sānguózhì Pínghuà lit. By the Song dynasty (10th–13th centuries), there were several records of professional oral storytellers who specialized in the Three Kingdoms hero cycles. Stories about the heroes of the Three Kingdoms were the basis of entertainment dating back to the Sui and Tang dynasty (6th–10th centuries). Herbert Giles stated that among the Chinese themselves, this is regarded as the greatest of all their novels. It is arguably the most widely read historical novel in late imperial and modern China. The novel is among the most beloved works of literature in East Asia, and its literary influence in the region has been compared to that of the works of Shakespeare on English literature. Romance of the Three Kingdoms is acclaimed as one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature it has a total of 800,000 words and nearly a thousand dramatic characters (mostly historical) in 120 chapters. The novel deals with the plots, personal and military battles, intrigues, and struggles of these states to achieve dominance for almost 100 years. While the novel follows hundreds of characters, the focus is mainly on the three power blocs that emerged from the remnants of the Han dynasty, and would eventually form the three states of Cao Wei, Shu Han, and Eastern Wu. The story – part historical and part fictional – romanticises and dramatises the lives of feudal lords and their retainers, who tried to supplant the dwindling Han dynasty or restore it. The novel is based primarily on the Records of the Three Kingdoms ( 三國志), written by Chen Shou. It is set in the turbulent years towards the end of the Han dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period in Chinese history, starting in 184 AD and ending with the reunification of the land in 280 by the Western Jin. Romance of the Three Kingdoms ( traditional Chinese: 三國演義 simplified Chinese: 三国演义 pinyin: Sānguó Yǎnyì) is a 14th-century historical novel attributed to Luo Guanzhong. Romance of the Three Kingdoms in Traditional (top) and Simplified (bottom) Chinese characters
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